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Description

The Ruth Sigler Avery Tulsa Race Massacre Archive collection includes numerous audio and/or written transcriptions of interviews conducted for research for the unpublished manuscript, 'Fear: The Fifth Horseman.' Interviews conducted include survivors, eyewitnesses and Tulsa citizens with knowledge of Tulsa in the times leading up to the Tulsa Race Massacre of 1921 and the aftermath. 

Subjects Tulsa (Oklahoma), Tulsa Race Massacre (Tulsa Oklahoma 1921)
Call Number
Dates 1970 - 1991

Interviews in Ruth Sigler Avery Tulsa Race Massacre Collection

Oral History Interview Description
Andre Wilkes & Margaret Wilsey 07/01/1972
Bob Foresman 06/10/1971 Bob Foresman was Business Editor of the 'Tulsa Tribune' Newspaper. His father, Frank Foresman, was General Manager of the Ray Reed Milling Company and assisted massacre victims from the Greenwood District.
Cecelia Nails Palmer 03/28/1977
Clarence Lynch Clarence Lynch's interview is with Arelia Lynch and/or Mary Lynch Stokes. Interview includes a woman's account of how she protected her black tenants from the 'white's roundup' by hiding them in her basement.
Edward L. Goodwin Sr. 11/21/1976 Edward L. Goodwin, Sr. was editor of the 'Oklahoma Eagle,' a Tulsa-based Black-owned newspaper established in 1922.
Eugene W. Maxey 06/14/1971 Maxey relates his experiences and knowledge (as Under Sheriff for Tulsa County at that time) about the Ku Klux Klan and their activities at the time of the massacre.
Fannie Brownlee Misch
Florence Lee Nichols Rheam 02/05/1971
Floyd L. Rheam 01/17/1988
Harold H. Cooper 10/05/1974 Harold H. Cooper relays his memories of the race massacre.
Helen B. Jurgins 10/05/1974 Helen B. Jurgins recalls her father's business being burned during the massacre and her sister having witnessed seeing a truck filled with 'black bodies' pass by the day after the massacre.
Helen Donohue Ingraham 04/10/1980 Helen Donohue Ingraham's married name was Mrs. C.A. Ingraham.
Ira D. Crewes 07/16/1975 Ira D. Crewes, a pioneer lumberman, recounts his experiences during the race massacre.
James Leighton Avery & Ruth Sigler Avery James Leighton Avery and Ruth Sigler Avery discuss Cyrus Avery.
Joseph Kennedy 07/12/1978 Includes discussions about the following: Fred Johnson (American Legionnaire and 3rd president of the U.S. Junior Chamber of Commerce) on duty at McNulty Ball Park where African American victims of the…
L. C. Watkins Watkins describes the history and activities of the Ku Klux Klan in the Tulsa area.
L.C. Clark 06/25/1975 L.C. Clark was mayor of Tulsa, Oklahoma 1954-1956.
Louise Whitham 05/31/1971
Mabel Bonner Little 05/24/1971
Martin Wisendanger 06/28/1977
Paula Bartmier 04/27/1991 Sister Paula Bartmier of St. Joseph Monastery recalls her experiences of the race massacre when she was in Convention Hall at the graduation ceremonies for Holy Family School.
Raymond Knight Dr. Raymond Knight's recollections include being 'a young fella' and 'curiosity-seeker from Kansas.'
Robert Fairchild Jr. 04/18/1976 Interviewer Jean Pittman was a University of Tulsa student at the time of the interview conducted under the supervision of Professor William Settle.
Ruth Wingfield 03/13/1987 Ruth Wingfield's title is 'Dr.'
S.M. Jackson & Eunice Cloman Jackson 06/26/1971
Verna 'Vernie' Prince 03/08/1971 Verna 'Vernie' Prince was the daughter of Sam and Lucy Mackley, and the niece of Barney Cleaver. She recounts her experiences as a 12-year old on the night of the massacre and the days following. Vernie…
Walter L. Pharris Pharris describes his personal experiences of a cross burning at the time of the massacre, the activities and influence of the Ku Klux Klan in the Tulsa area, and other related topics.
Walton Clinton 09/12/1975
William D. Williams 11/29/1970
William R. Holway 09/09/1974 Interview discussion includes the political climate in Tulsa and the activities influence of the Ku Klux Klan in Tulsa politics. Holway also claims to have witnessed the first man being killed during the…